What Is Jaundice?
Jaundice is a yellowing of the skin, eyes, and sometimes other parts of the body. It occurs when there is a buildup of bilirubin, a yellow substance produced when red blood cells break down. Normally, the liver processes bilirubin and helps eliminate it from the body. When the liver is not working properly, bilirubin can accumulate.
Is Jaundice Normal in Newborns?
Yes — physiological jaundice is common in newborns, especially in the first week of life. It usually goes away on its own or with light therapy (phototherapy). But if jaundice occurs after the first two weeks, or in older children, it may signal a more serious liver problem.
When Is Jaundice a Sign of Liver Disease?
Persistent or severe jaundice, especially with other symptoms like dark urine, pale stools, or poor weight gain, may point to underlying liver disease or even liver failure.
Liver Failure in Children
What Is Liver Failure?
Liver failure means the liver is severely damaged and cannot carry out its essential functions, such as:
- Removing toxins from the blood
- Making proteins for blood clotting
- Processing nutrients and bilirubin
It can be acute (sudden) or chronic (long-term damage).